A Human Resource Management System Essay - 1905 Words

INTRODUCTION A Human Resources Management System (HRMS) or Human Resources Information System (HRIS) is defined as the computer based systems and processes at the intersection between human resource management (HRM) and information technology. In the article in the World Heritage Encyclopedia noted that â€Å"it merges HRM as a discipline and in particular its basic HR activities and processes with the information technology field, whereas the programming of data processing systems evolved into standardized routines and packages of enterprise resource planning (ERP) software.† John J. Lawler in the article â€Å"Human Recourse Information System† pointed that the HRIS contains tools that allow users to input new data and edit existing data; in addition, such programs provide users with the opportunity to select from an array of predefined reports that may either be printed or displayed on a monitor. Reports may address any of a number of different HRM issues (e.g., succession planning, compensation planning, equal employment opportunity monitoring). HRISs also generally include tools by which users or system administrators may generate ad hoc reports and select specific cases or subsets of cases for display. Firms have experienced increased competitive pressures that have translated into greater cost containment demands from upper management, leading to greater automation of the record-keeping function in the HRM field. The ready availability of microcomputers and relativelyShow MoreRelatedHuman Resource Management Systems : Management1080 Words   |  5 Pages Human Resource Management Systems: Management Through Software Auriel S. Brown Dr. Jack Huddleston HRM520004VA016-1148-001: Hr Information Systems Strayer University 10/26/14 Human Resource Management Systems Human Resource Information Systems or HRSI are systems used to combine task related to the human resource management field. These task include but are not limited to payroll, benefits management, and employment recruitment. Many businesses both large and small haveRead MoreThe Human Resource Management System1234 Words   |  5 Pagesthe main functions of the human resource management system Recruitment and selection are two critical functions of human resource management. Taking into consideration both the capacities the recruitment process goes before the selection capacity. These functions form is basically the core fundamental that engulf the human resource management and includes that of talent acquisition and training and development and even rewards for the employees. For a human resource manager, it’s an importantRead MoreHuman Resource Information System And Human Resources Management System1399 Words   |  6 PagesHRIS, which is also known as a human resource information system or human resource management system (HRMS), is basically an intersection of human resources and information technology through HR software. This allows HR activities and processes to occur electronically. To put it another way, a HRIS may be viewed as a way, through software, for businesses big and small to take care of a number of activities, including those related to human resources, accounting, management, and payroll. A HRIS allowsRead MoreThe Human Resource Management System Essay1392 Words   |  6 Pages which is also known as a human resource information system or human resource management system (HRMS), is basically an intersection of human resources and information technology through HR software. This allows HR activities and processes to occur electronically. To put it another way, a HRIS may be viewed as a way, through software, for businesses big and small to take care of a number of activities, including those related to human resources, accounting, management, and payroll. A HRIS allowsRead MoreHuman Resource Management System1940 Words   |  8 PagesHUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Synopsis [pic] Date of Submission : 18.5.2010 Submitted by: Group No: Read MoreHuman Resources Information System in Management of Human Resources2435 Words   |  10 PagesHuman Resources Information System in Management of Human Resources Contents 1.0 Introduction 2 2.0 Case studies one 2 2.1 Description 2 2.2 Advantages 3 2.3 Challenges 4 2.4 Organizational advantage 4 3.0 Case studies two 5 3.1 Description 5 3.2 Advantages 5 3.3 Challenges 6 3.4 Organizational advantage 7 4.0 Conclusion 7 5.0 References 8 1.0 Introduction In today s corporate world information system has come to play a very criticalRead MoreHuman Resource Management System Implementation947 Words   |  4 PagesUniversity Human Resource Management System Implementation Human Resource Information system (HRIMS), also referred to as Human Resources Management System (HRMS), is a series of integrated systems that is utilized to gather, organize, and analyze information regarding human resources in an organization. This assists in the automation and simplification of an organization’s tasks, but most fundamentally, it aids in the laying down of a framework on which the management of human resource policies canRead MoreHuman Resource Management Information System1731 Words   |  7 PagesStudent Number: 4494931 American Public University System Professor Emilia Butu Human Resource Management Information Systems- HRMT 415 Session D, Summer 2014 3 October 2014â€Æ' Introduction As times change so does the way organizations handle business. As organizations change practices HRM must change to remain an inaugural part of the organization. As a HR Director of a large corporation it is a must to understand Human Resource Information Systems or HRIS. With many HRIS functions such as e-recruitingRead MorePayroll System And The Human Resource Management System2022 Words   |  9 Pages Payroll systems in organizations are often computerized. According to Devansh (2011), payroll systems are usually one of the first systems to be computerized. The system is computerized in order to obtain accurate results and provide information during auditing processes. Employees of the payroll department should be able to view employees data but shouldn’t be able to add, delete or modify the data. The timesheet of employees received from the personnel department can be viewed but should not beRead MoreHuman Resources Information System ( Hrms ) Human Resource Managemen t System2230 Words   |  9 PagesHRIS, which is also known as Human Resources Information System or (HRMS) Human Resource Management System, is actually a hybrid of human resources and information technology by HR software. This allows HR activities and processes to be carried out electronically. Human Resources Information System is a system that can keep track of all your employees and information to keep. It is, as a rule in a database or, more generally carried out in a series of connected databases. These include the name and

The Comic Book Maus - 1662 Words

In the comic book Maus, Art Spiegelman shows the readers what people endured during the Holocaust terror. Art mostly spoke about persons of Jewish descent. He utilized great imagery, and characteristics to allow readers to get a mental image and painting of the immense pain and suffering Jews endured during the Holocaust. His use of symbolism of mice and cats helped to show how Jews were just pawns, and experimental factors to Germans. Art allows for the reader to see how terrifying and horrific it was for Jews to live through the senseless racism, and harsh living conditions. These camps were like a living hell, full of deceit, hate, guilt, and survival of the fittest. If one were to read Maus , and fully look at the words , and paint these pictures they would noticed how the Holocaust just wasn’t a tragic period of time , but it had a lasting mental effect on any individual who survived those terrors. Throughout Maus, it was vividly painted how awful it was to kill so many innocent lives, and treat them like animals, and second class citizens. This is why Spiegelman chose the specific type of animals he did to help symbolize the slayings. He chose mice, because majority of time mice are mistreated and experimented with – without any say so. Pigs were representation of the Polish people, because they supposedly had a stench. They were under the rule of the dictator Hitler. Polish people firmly believed in whatever Hitler said, and were instructed to not care about whatShow MoreRelatedThe Comic Book MAUS1288 Words   |  5 PagesMAUS Introduction Since the publishing of the comic book MAUS, there has been a broad debate not only from the survivors of the Holocaust but within the Jewish community pertaining to the appropriateness and representational meaning of the Holocaust in the modern literature. Many people who participate in the discussions or read the book have perceived the comic fashioning of the book as trivial, hence making the book appear as mocking, derogatory and comedic. Nevertheless, this is not theRead MoreEssay on The Comic Format of Spiegelmans Books Maus I and Maus II1176 Words   |  5 PagesThe books Maus I and Maus II, written by Art Spiegelman over a thirteen-year period from 1978-1991, are books that on the surface are written about the Holocaust. The books specifically relate to the author’s father’s experiences pre and post-war as well as his experiences in Auschwitz. The book also explores the author’s very complex relationship between himself and his father, and how the Holo caust further complicates this relationship. On a deeper level the book also dances around the ideaRead MoreMaus1632 Words   |  7 PagesCastro Maus Topics for Discussion: Comics Technique In Understanding Comics, Scott McCloud argues that a face drawn with great detail can represent only one specific person, but that a face drawn with few details—a smiley face, for instance— could be almost anyone. ï ¿ ¼ Source: Scott McCloud, Understanding Comics (DC Comics, 1999): 31. Describe the faces in Maus. Are they iconic (could be anyone) or particular (could only be Vladek)? The faces in described in Maus are intensely descriptiveRead MoreMaus Essay1113 Words   |  5 PagesMaus Paper Art Spiegelman’s Maus, is a unique way of looking at history. Through the use of comics, Spiegelman allows the reader to draw their own conclusions within the parameters of the panes of the comic. Unlike reading a textbook in which the author describes every detail about the subject matter, comics allow for the reader to draw their own conclusions from the information given to them. Also by reading a serious comic such as Maus, we are able to break away from Maus has an interestingRead MoreAnalysis Of Maus And The Sandman By Neil Gainman1454 Words   |  6 Pagesliterature and valuable tools in the classroom. Comic books should not be viewed simply as aesthetic objects, but rather as texts which function when read by their audience within a specific context. Our education curriculums are heavily relied on reading comprehension, which has proven to be a struggle for visual learners. Graphic novels offer value, variety, and new medium for literacy that acknowledges the impact of visuals. Novels such as Maus by Art Spiegelman and The Sandman (vertigo) by NeilRead MoreMaus Themes790 Words   |  4 Pageshow Spiegelman conveyed this in Maus: Loneliness; Discrimination; Abuse of Power; Loss of Innocence, Guilt, Survival. The graphic novel Maus by Art Spiegelman conveys many varied and powerful themes to the reader. Spiegelman has conveyed the themes Guilt and Survival by using various methods including narration, dialogue and several comic book techniques to show the expressions and feelings of the central characters. Guilt is an especially strong theme in Maus, appearing many times with Art andRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Maus 1257 Words   |  6 PagesMaus is a tale about a young man who is in search for answers about his own life and his father’s life. Vladek Spiegelman is a survivor of the holocaust who reconnects with his son Art Spiegelman by telling him stories of his past. Art creates a well-written comic tale about the Holocaust and the relationship he has with his father. This survivor’s tale takes you back to the Second World War to tell us a story of a Jew who hardly survived life. The story opens with Art visiting his father to getRead MoreComparison between Maus Anne Frank Essay1048 Words   |  5 Pagessubstitutes such as books and diaries to expose these catastrophic events internationally. Books such as Maus, A survivor’s tale by Art Spiegelman, and Anne Frank by Ann Kramer. Spiegelman presents Maus in a comical format; he integrated the significance of Holocaust while maintaining the comic frame structure format, whereas comic books are theoretically supposed to be entertaining. Also, Maus uses a brilliant technique of integrating real life people as animal figures in the book. Individually, bothRead More`` Maus Trigger Me More Than Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass And Half Of A Yellow Sun966 Words   |  4 PagesMaus trigger me more than Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass and Half of a Yellow Sun since my country has been through similar experience. My country is the Republic of Korea, also called South Korea. It is small co untry located between powerful countries like China, Russia, and Japan. Thus, it is a place where war never stopped even till now. Too many times, we were too close to losing our country and one time, in 1910 we actually did. Lasted for Thirty-five years, it is called the KoreaRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Maus 864 Words   |  4 Pagesextremely successful throughout his career, working for numerous comic lines. There’s no doubt that Maus certainly was his greatest work. You could consider Spiegalman’s experience to be his best credential. Maus is a graphic novel that depicts basically a cat and mouse representation of the Holocaust. A graphic novel as defined by Webster’s dictionary is a â€Å"fictional story that is presented in comic strip format and published as a book.†(1) Maus tells the story of Spiegelmans father, and his experience

Marketing Plan Of the Organization Vespa †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Plan Of the Organization Vespa. Answer: Introduction This is a marketing plan for the organization Vespa which will portray the SWOT and competitor analysis of the organization. This also includes the mission, vision and the objectives of the organization. This will include the marketing mix, segmentation and position of the organization. This will also include the action programs of the organization which will help in the improving the market penetration of the organization. The implementation and control have also has been explained in the study which will help to apply to analyze the marketing strategy of the organization. The purpose of the marketing plan is to sell 200000 lack units annually. It will also serve as a document which will work as a statement of observation of the organizational objectives that they would achieve through theirmarketing strategies and objectives. This marketing research would be a documentation of the update information regarding the organizations environment competition and market segments. This marke ting plan would show how the organization would be establishing and maintain profitable customers and relationships both internal and external. For proper implementation and control this marketing on will define the progress toward objectives and measure it. SWOT and Competitor analysis strength weakness opportunity threat Dealership in Austin Maintenance shop which is one site Enthusiasm Service Quality Reputation and trendy as reputation Option for customization Dealership that is aesthetically pleasing Awareness about the new location Test drive is needed for motor cycle license Price is high Maintenance is needed on a frequent basis Web presence have increased Austin ties experience has to be taken advantage of Taking advantage of the urban dwellers who thinks that the Vespa is viable option for the organization. The second hand scooters hat has been selected for the analysis will include the threat from the second hand scooters hat has been sold during the study. The state is going through a downtown in economy. Honda and Yamaha are the two main competitors in the market. Table: SWOT Analysis Source: (SpA, 2017) Mission and objective One of the business units of the Sei Giorni is the accessories which are being funded by the target consumers if the Vespa scooters. The organization provides the consumers with exclusive accessories which may include umbrellas, helmets and t shirts. Vespa Sei Giorni brings to the table added values to those who make use of the vehicles. They would not just be proud of the vehicles they are riding on, but additionally satisfied with the exclusive and convenient accessories for making themselves a complete package - the helmets that use for getting on goes well with the motorbikes they ride that makes them different from others. Vespa Sei Giorni has a mission of protecting their customer lives with the help of their safe vehicles and helmets that are in line with the helmet wearing culture and the traffic laws set out by the governments. Vespa Sei Giorni also, apart from just making money would be contributing to the development and building if the Vespa lifestyle. Besides that Vespa Sei Gironi also acts like a PR tool for highlighting the impression of the company and the vehicles (SpA, 2017). For this specific business unit of Vespa, for key success elements are there: The best of the locations, in which the accessories and the vehicles are displayed properly for the customers. The most unique product that has the best of quality and the accessories that are decorated with the Vespa logo and are registered all over the world. The niche product range The best reputation and the global brand name. Formulate a detailed marketing mix strategy and place particular emphasis on a digital marketing communication plan In order to launch the Vespa Sergio in large Australian market, the organization needs to consider certain aspects related to market. Developing a product is not the only responsibility that organization needs to do to launch Vespa Sergio in Australian market, it has to focus on other associated factors such as product, price, promotion and place. Product-It is certain that in order to gain competitive advantages and increase the market share, the organization needs to launch a new product in the market. Moreover, to beat the competitors in the market, the organization should develop a new product, which could certainly help to maximize the market share and increase the market share. As put forward by Morgan, Katsikeas, and Vorhies (2012) people in Australia have the tendency to follow the recent trendy, which means the people in Australia tend to prefer the innovative products. Thus, when the market of an organization has saturated, the organization observes the need of making some changes in the market. In addition, this initiative can be fulfilled by launching a new product in the market. Thus, the organization should develop a new and innovative product in the market, which customers can easily accept. In order to increase the market share and the profit margin, the organization has decided to launch the new product called Vespa Sergio. This could be one of the relevant products as people in Australia tend to prefer innovation in two wheelers. Among different products launched by many other organizations in the market, this product certainly differentiates the organization from others as this is one of the innovative items of Vespa. Price As mentioned by Mullins, Walker and Boyd (2012), economic state of Australia has been very stable and it is effective for the business organizations. After the economic downfall in 2008 in Australia, no such economic downturn has not been observed, which remains as a significant opportunity for the marketers. Considering the stability in the economy, Vespa has decided to implement competitive pricing strategies, which will throw a significant challenge to the competitors in the market. If Vespa is able to maintain the quality of product and sell it at competitive price, it might gain a positive outcome from the market. Maintaining the quality remains as the significant criteria for Vespa, as the competitors already have a strong presence in the market. Thus, to beat the competitors in the target market, the organization needs to sell its new product with highest quality at the competitive price. Hence, penetrative pricing strategy might not be effective because people in Austra lia have the tendency to pay for the products that has the quality (Gordon, 2012). Therefore, any low-price strategy certainly creates a negative image in the market. To remain sustainable in the market, the organization Vespa needs to maintain a high quality and launch it at competitive pricing strategy. Promotion -The promotional activity is one of the significant marketing initiative that organization needs to consider. Appropriate promotional activities certainly help to achieve the strategic and marketing objectives. As put forward by Huang and Sarigll (2014) Australia is technologically developed and people in Australia have the tendency to accept the advancement in technology. In other words, the advancement in technology contributes to growth and expansion in business. The development in social media particular contributes to development of business. Therefore, the organization Vespa could take the advantages of social media platforms. Thus, while launching the product in the market, the organization should utilize the social media tools such as YouTube, Facebook, Snapchat, Twitter and other popular social media tools. Millions of people are regularly active in the social media channels. Moreover, the social media tools help to reach the audiences located in the remote areas ( Tuten Solomon, 2014). Moreover, the business could create a strong image in the global market with the help of social media tools. Thereby, to promote the new product in the market, the organization Vespa should create some advertisement contents such as the video, community group and other relevant activities. Place - The organization needs to focus a large market to launch or sell its new product. Even though, Australia is a large market, the organization needs to focus on the tier I and tier II cities, where the average population is more than 10 million. The organization Vespa could focus on Sydney, Melbourne, and other large cities. Present action programs designed to achieve the marketing and financial objectives Timeline Action Programs Jan- March In this period, the organization needs to decide the type of initiatives it needs to implement. Thus, in the content of Vespa Sergio, the organization needs to rely on the technological advancement to achieve the marketing objectives. The organization needs to use the social media tools such as Facebook, YouTube, Twitter and other social media tools to reach the wide medium. April-June After the decision-making stage in the last quarter of the year, the organization needs to implement plan now. In such context, the organization could contact an advertising agency and create an advertising content that can be published on the social tools such as Facebook, YouTube and other large social media tools where millions of people are connected on a regular basis. July -Sept After making the decision of particular initiatives that is supposed to be implemented and has been discussed in the last quarter, the organization should stipulate the budget that is required to implement the objectives. As the company is determined to launch the product in the existing market, it does not have to make additional investment, which would have been necessary if the organization launches the product in a new market. Oct-Dec In this phase, the organization needs to select the market and implement the developed strategies. For example, the organization could organize a launching event which is supposed to be held in the target market such as Sydney, Melbourne and other large cities. Table 1: Action Programs(Source: Same Larimo, 2012) Discuss the implementation and control of the marketing plan Firstly, the organization needs to focus on the research and development to make an innovative design for the proposed product. Considering the market needs, the organization develops the product. When the finished product is ready to be launched in the market, the organization needs to focus on the selected market, target audiences and pricing. In order to implement all these activities, the organization needs to create the promotion activities such as paying attention to social media channels such as YouTube, Facebook, Snapchat and other large social media channels. However, apart from the social media tools, the organization also needs to organize launching events in each city, where the organization is supposed to launch Vespa Sergio. Control Strategies Once the product is launched in the target market, the organization needs to focus on control and monitoring methods. This means the organization needs to monitor the performance of the organization after the launching the new product in the market. Most importantly, the organization needs to observe the profit margin, customer service, employee satisfaction, achievement of newly developed of strategic objectives. The organization needs to pay attention to the customers and their feedbacks. If anything, that needs to be changed in the operational methods, the organization needs to consider that particular aspect and develop the solution. Furthermore, the organization needs to should focus on the feedback of the customers to identify the issues such pricing, lack of information about the products that customers might experience. The organization needs to monitor all these issues and apply speedy solutions. Conclusion In conclusion, it can be mentioned that this newly developed product-Vespa Sergio will help the organization to reinforce its position in the market. In addition, the successful launch of the products might help the organization to increase the market share and customer base in the existing customers. However, it is certain that Australian market has been dynamic in nature, the organization should not make this as long-term strategies. The strategies should be developed based on the market demands and recent trends. References Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M., Brennan, R. (2015).Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education. Filip, A. (2012). Marketing theory applicability in higher education.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,46, 912-916. Gordon, R. (2012). Re-thinking and re-tooling the social marketing mix.Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ),20(2), 122-126. Huang, R., Sarigll, E. (2014). How brand awareness relates to market outcome, brand equity, and the marketing mix. InFashion Branding and Consumer Behaviors(pp. 113-132). Springer New York. Kesavan, R., Bernacchi, M. D., Mascarenhas, O. A. (2013). Word of mouse: CSR communication and the social media.International Management Review,9(1), 58. Mintz, O., Currim, I. S. (2013). What drives managerial use of marketing and financial metrics and does metric use affect performance of marketing-mix activities?.Journal of Marketing,77(2), 17-40. Morgan, N. A., Katsikeas, C. S., Vorhies, D. W. (2012). Export marketing strategy implementation, export marketing capabilities, and export venture performance.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,40(2), 271-289. Mullins, J., Walker, O. C., Boyd Jr, H. W. (2012).Marketing management: A strategic decision-making approach. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Same, S., Larimo, J. (2012, May). Marketing theory: Experience marketing and experiential marketing. In7th International Scientific Conference Business and Management(pp. 10-11). SpA (2017). Vespa Sei Giorni - Vespa.com. [online] Vespa.com. Available at: https://www.vespa.com/en_EN/Vespa-Models/sei-giorni.html [Accessed 27 Sep. 2017]. Tuten, T. L., Solomon, M. R. (2014).Social media marketing. Sage.

Nicolaus Copernicus Essay Example For Students

Nicolaus Copernicus Essay Nicolaus CopernicusNicolaus Copernicus, who lived from 1473 until 1543, is known for his idea that the sun is motionless at the center of the universe and that the earth and other planets all revolve around it. This Polish astronomer revolutionized beliefs involving the universe, making his thoughts controversial in his time, but common knowledge in our own (Westman). Before the time of Copernicus, people had extremely different views of the universe. A Greek astronomer named Ptolemy had his own theory of the earth and its relationship with the sun and other planets. Around 140 AD, he came up with a system that showed the earth at the center of the universe with the sun and planets revolving around it in a spherical shape (Reichenbach 15-17). Ptolemy also believed that the earth remained still and that the outermost sphere contained the stars, which were fixed in space (Westman). Copernicuss theory showed the earth and other planets revolving around the sun in a circular motion. At the same time, the moon is rotating around the earth as well. Like Ptolemy, Copernicus believed that the stars occupied the region farthest from the sun. Copernicus, however, never stated whether or not these stars were in a fixed sphere around the universe or if they were scattered throughout space. Unlike Ptolemys motionless earth, Copernicus said the earth rotates around itself daily, causing night and day (Armitage, 112-15). He also realized that the greater the distance from the sun a planet was, the more time it takes for that planet to completely revolve around the sun (Westman). At first, Copernicus only planned to use his new system as an easier way to chart the planets positions. But, he explained everything with such high detail and mathematics that astronomers around the time of his death began to wonder if his theory might actually be the truth. He was cautious to publish his ideas because he saw potential for trouble and possibly even a heresy charge from the Catholic Church, who strongly believed in Ptolemys earth-centered system. Finally he was persuaded to publish it by some of his early supporters. In doing so, he dedicated his works to Pope Paul III; perhaps to get him and the Church on his side (Asimov, 54-55). Protestant leaders, not Catholics, were the first to reject Copernicuss theory. They said it went against the teachings of the Bible that supposedly supported the contrasting system of Ptolemy. Despite this, Protestants were also some of the first supporters of this sun-centered plan (Armitage, 125). About seventy years later, in 1616, the Catholic Church began to question the Copernican system. Galileo, one of Copernicuss greatest supporters, used his newly invented telescope to observe the planets and was strongly convinced that Copernicus was absolutely correct. The Church now saw these ideas as a threat to their beliefs concerning the uniqueness of earth as Gods special creation, and soon warned Galileo not to support it. An Inquisition committee reviewed Copernicuss work and declared it, and the support of it, a heresy. Galileo was brought to trial by the Church in 1633, and was forced to take back all support of the Copernican plan. Due to his old age and sickliness, Galileo did as they pleased and was set under house arrest for the remainder of his life, where he was able to continue with substantial scientific discoveries of his own (Armitage, 143-149). Now Copernicuss sun centered theory is no longer questioned. Through modern science and mathematics we have been able to prove his ideas as the truth. Copernicus was not able to physically prove his idea because the proper technology (like the telescope) and skills were not available to him. In fact, Copernicus rarely used his own sightings as a basis for his theories (Asimov, 54). .uc04fd38303ffa66f049fd736f44b2f02 , .uc04fd38303ffa66f049fd736f44b2f02 .postImageUrl , .uc04fd38303ffa66f049fd736f44b2f02 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc04fd38303ffa66f049fd736f44b2f02 , .uc04fd38303ffa66f049fd736f44b2f02:hover , .uc04fd38303ffa66f049fd736f44b2f02:visited , .uc04fd38303ffa66f049fd736f44b2f02:active { border:0!important; } .uc04fd38303ffa66f049fd736f44b2f02 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc04fd38303ffa66f049fd736f44b2f02 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc04fd38303ffa66f049fd736f44b2f02:active , .uc04fd38303ffa66f049fd736f44b2f02:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc04fd38303ffa66f049fd736f44b2f02 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc04fd38303ffa66f049fd736f44b2f02 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc04fd38303ffa66f049fd736f44b2f02 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc04fd38303ffa66f049fd736f44b2f02 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc04fd38303ffa66f049fd736f44b2f02:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc04fd38303ffa66f049fd736f44b2f02 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc04fd38303ffa66f049fd736f44b2f02 .uc04fd38303ffa66f049fd736f44b2f02-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc04fd38303ffa66f049fd736f44b2f02:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Hamlet - Act 3 Summary EssayNicolaus Copernicus and his revolutionary ideas caused a great deal of controversy and problems near the end of the Renaissance in Europe, but they can probably be considered one of the most significant astronomical realizations ever made throughout history. Copernicus not only changed thoughts involving the universe, but science altogether. As a result of his work and of other influential scientists of his time, the Scientific Revolution in Europe began (Asimov, 55). This was a time when science broke away from its restrictions of classical writings and the Bible and took a more productive path that brought countless new inventions and discover ies that would affect peoples lives from then on. Some products of the Scientific Revolution include: the beginnings of modern physics, the telescope, the microscope, the thermometer, and the barometer. Even though the Copernicuss theory of the universe was frequently regarded as false hundreds of years ago, people from then on would accept this as common knowledge. Little did he know, but Nicolaus Copernicus would arguably become the cause for an infinite amount of revolutions not just in astronomy, but in scientific thinking in general. Works CitedArmitage, Angus. The World of Copernicus. New York: The New American Library, 1947. Asimov, Isaac. Asimovs Biographical Encyclopedia of Science and Technology. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1964. Reichenbach, Hans. From Copernicus to Einstein. Trans. Ralph B. Winn. New York: Steingould Corp., 1942. Westman, Robert S. Copernicus, Nicolaus. Microsoft Encarta. 1995 ed.

Students Still Satisfied in 2015 [Infographic]

Many will be shocked to see the results of the National Student Survey 2015. Students paying the higher  £9,000 tuition fees took part for the very first time this year. As a result of this you would expect a significant decline in student satisfaction levels. Yet, the 300,000 students who took part remain just as satisfied with the time they have spent at university as students were last year. The new, higher fees were introduced back in 2012. Because most of the respondents to the survey were final year undergraduates this meant that around two-thirds of them have been paying  £9,000 for tuition. Therefore the survey indicates that the rise in fees has not altered the level of satisfaction among students, considering the same percentage of students were satisfied with higher education in 2015 as they were in 2014. Another shocking revelation which came out of the survey is that the top-scoring universities for satisfaction weren't necessarily the more prestigious Russell Group institutions as you might expect. In fact, more medium-size or campus-based universities came out on top. And this is highly significant! The reason being, tuition fees are set to rise again in 2017-8. The National Student Survey is likely to play a role in which universities will be allowed to raise their fees. Here's something for you to ponder on: Does this mean that some of the less prestigious UK universities will wind up charging more for tuition than esteemed universities?

How to Make Floam

How to Make Floam Floam  is a slimy substance with polystyrene beads in it that kids can mold into shapes. You can sculpt with it or use it to coat other objects. You can store it to reuse it or allow it to dry if you want permanent creations. Its a lot of fun, but not always easy to locate. You might be able to buy it at some stores and online, but you can make a type of Floam yourself. As with slime, its very safe, though anything containing food coloring can stain surfaces. Dont eat Floam. Polystyrene beads simply arent food. How to Make Floam Difficulty: Easy Time Required: This is a quick project: It takes only minutes Supplies 2 tsp. borax1/2 cup water1/4 cup white glue (such as Elmers)1/4 cup waterFood coloringA resealable plastic bag1 1/3 cups polystyrene beads Steps Dissolve 2 teaspoons of  borax completely in 1/2 cup (4 ounces) of water. Two teaspoons of borax will produce a stiff product. If you want more flexible Floam, try 1 teaspoon of borax instead.In a separate container, mix 1/4 cup (2 ounces) of white glue and 1/4 cup of water. Stir in food coloring.Pour the glue solution and the polystyrene beads into a plastic bag. Add the borax solution and knead it until its well mixed. Use 1 tablespoon of the borax solution for a very fluid Floam, 3 tablespoons for average Floam, and the entire amount for stiff Floam.To keep your Floam, store it in a sealed bag in the refrigerator to discourage mold. Otherwise, you can allow it to dry into whatever shape you choose. Tips for Success How it works: The borax reacts to crosslink the polyvinyl acetate molecules in the glue. This forms a flexible polymer.If you use a 4-percent solution of polyvinyl alcohol instead of glue, you will get a more transparent product that will hold shapes better.You can find polystyrene beads at craft stores, usually as fillers for bean bags or dolls. You can grind plastic foam cups using a cheese grater if you like.

Review #3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Review #3 - Essay Example The appearance of hand axes is evidenced in the Lower Paleolithic period as used by the Homo erectus. The initial radiation Homo erectus is found to emerge from Africa and Eurasia. The evolution of this species of Homo sapiens dates back to approximately 160,000 years from both Africa and Eurasia. Ultimately, Homo sapiens are described as more civilized humans, with the appearance of bows and arrows being linked to Homo sapiens sapiens in the past 10, 000 years. The five part discussion in this article have an historical significance to the humans as they help in understanding the origin of mankind. From the 5 parts of the article it is possible to ascertain that human beings have through the evolution become wiser, from one ancient period the other. This is crucial to human understanding that every generation that emerges is always at a better intellection capability than the preceding one. Lastly, the entire five parts of the article focuses on the origin of humankind based on many assumptions that do not embrace a religious account of the creation of human beings. The differently can only be seen as an opposed illustration of evolution of human from a primitive ape, which highly differ from religious

Theater Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Theater - Research Paper Example It portrays the writer as one who lived in the small estate outside Moscow and loved travelling while those he created slug in the rural parts of Russia. The play entails a lot of ironies and off stages performances that requires an acute sense of listening and sight to connect. The Seagull is the pioneer among the Chekhov’s four plays, his work are praised for the projection of melodrama intertwined with conventional dramatic topics and techniques that transcends Chekhov’s styles. The Seagull introduces the technique of â€Å"indirect action† a situation in which violent or intensive events in the play are not presented on the stage. Such events occur in the intervals of play as viewed by the audience and involve the inaugurated major changes in both the writing and execution of the play on the stage which is a persistent evolution in the present day play writing (Jae, 2012). Chekhov’s main plays capture little of traditional plot with primary activities of quotidian performed by characters with conversations of illusions of the unseen events which are intermingled with issues of daily affairs and discussions from random observations. Chekhov’s plays are characterized by momentous events which are depicted from the characters’ actions and scripts seen in their effects to each other. These plays often seem to focus more on the characters’ reactions to events than on the main events themselves. His plays are able to analysis and convey the effects of crucial events in the character’s lives more precisely than in other plays. These characteristics and techniques are clearly portrayed in the play The Seagull where highly charged events of drama are traditionally displayed though is not portrayed on the stage. We only see the effects of usual life in the lives of characters and no crises are clearly shown in the usual sense. This is only presented by the precipitating events and the effects of their consequences in

Retaining Top Performing Employees Research Paper

Retaining Top Performing Employees - Research Paper Example According to Sandhiya and Kumar (1778), â€Å"There are many factors which show the importance of the employee retention. They may be the turnover cost which includes hundreds of thousands to the company's expenses. In fact, it is difficult to calculate the turnover cost which includes hiring costs, training costs and productivity loss†. Other than material investment, loss of company’s intellect and information is also another major drawback that an organization has to sustain to when an employee leaves. Sandhiya and Kumar further assert that â€Å"the relationships between the customers and clients are developed in such a way that encourages continued sponsorship and services of the business. When an employee leaves the organization suddenly, the relationships that employee built for the company are suffered and also could lead to loss of contact with potential customer†. Hence, overall business performance is affected due to lack of connecting link between cli ent and organization and also potential risks of losing business may emerge as client may have their loyalty attached to a particular employee instead of an organization. In addition to that, employee turnover has a ripple effect; it has a tendency of affecting current workforce. Withdrawal of one employee can affect motivation level of other team members and in some cases may signal anxiety in employees. Employee retention rates have their contributions to employer’s goodwill which helps in attracting new talent and becoming a preferred employer.

Measuring Public Attitudes to Reality TV | Methodology

Measuring Public Attitudes to Reality TV | Methodology 1. Outline the considerations you would make in deciding between using the Thurstone, Likert or Osgood method. Highlight the particular context and conclude with a clear decision about which of the three methods you would chose. The three social research methods of attitudinal measurement are appropriate for use in this experiment as they all give statistical evidence to support the questions relating to various attitudes taken from a general consensus of people. However, each has its own merits to be considered. The Thurston, Likert and Osgood methods can give a representation of social attitudes toward Big Brother, however, which is the most ideal requires some consideration of their procedural processes. The nature of measurement and descriptive qualities in each method was considered before a test was decided and questionnaire constructed. Thurstone was one of the primary social scaling theorists. He used the average rankings of a set of attitudinal statements based upon a given topic to determine a set of agree/disagree responses. He formulated three different methods that all worked upon a uni-dimensional scale. These were the method of equal-appearing intervals, the method of successive intervals, and the method of paired comparisons (Thurston, 1928). The three methods crucially differed in how the scale values for each item were constituted from their base source. However, in all three cases, the resulting scale was rated the same way by respondents. This labour-some method did not take into account any indifference towards the statements or the degree to which negative and positive attitudes could vary. In questionnaire format it relies upon closed questions to gain its data and measure attitude. Furthermore, it indicates a mean average as its descriptive data between that of agreeing and disagreeing in each state ment category,which does not capture the nature of the deviation or sway of general trends in attitude. Neither does it allow for a consideration of word connotation within the statements. Due to these considerations this method of measuring attitude was rejected for this experiment. The Likert technique was developed after the Thurstone scale. With this method to social research a set of attitudinal statements were also presented to subjects. Subjects were asked to express agreement or disagreement according to a five point or seven point scale measuring the variance of attitude towards the statements (Likert, 1932). Each degree of agreement or disagreement was given a numerical value from one to five / seven rather than being defined as a closed agree or disagree category. A total numerical value was then to be calculated from the total number of responses. This method is suited to our experiment as it can be applied to established attitudinal theories such as Ajzen’s Theory of planned behaviour as a way of drawing out not only attitude but intention and concepts that help shape our attitudes. Essentially, the Likert method can be broken down into segments pertaining to the theory of planned behaviour to reveal a more sophisticated set of results that in dicate a fuller relationhip than that of the Thurstone method. However, one more method that relates to the Likert method should be considered before moving on. The Osgood method was developed in conjunction with the Likert technique. Using the scale as the basis for the measurement of attitude, Osgood concerned himself with the significance of meaning, and in particular connotation of words. Typically subjects would be given a word or concept, such as race, and would subsequently be presented with an array of adjectives in which to describe that word / concept (Osgood, 1957). The adjectives would then be represented at either end of a five point / seven-point scale similar to the likert scale. Due to this, Osgood was able to contrive a map or model of peoples connotations for given concepts from which attitudes could be understood. However, there are problems for using this method for our experiment. Firstly, there is the problem that this map depends entirely on the presumption that all adjectives mean the same to everyone. Because of this, the method itself becomes contradictory as it begins from the general assumption that peoples connot ations for certain cocepts differ. However, it also depends upon the assumption that, for certain words at least, they do not differ. And secondly, there is nothing in this test that attempts to negate the onset of socially desired responses from participants. For this reason, the Osgood test for connotational attitude was dropped as the method for this experiment in place of the five category Likert test. 2. Provide a detailed description of the steps you would need to take at each stage of scale construction, using your chosen method. In the first stage of developing the Likert method for this experiment, relevant attitudinal questions would have to be established and drawn up. Based upon the preliminary research into certain perceived attitudes towards Big Brother, these questions should be drawn up and applied to a five point scale ranging from strong agreement through to strong disagreement. These should be comprised into sets of varying attitudinal question types that relate to the different categories apparent in the Theory of Planned behaviour. These sets should consist of questions relating to social norms, attitudes and perceived behavioural control (Ajzen, 1991). For example, the first two sets of questions should be taken into account, that is the subjective norm and the attitude, and categorised as one set. For example, based upon the measurement method of the likert five category system, typical questions relating to these sets could be ‘do you think Big Brother is valid?’ and ‘do yo ur friends tink big brother is valid?’. These provide us with indicators of varying attitudes from which behaviour could be measured as an outcome. For instance, questions then asking ‘would you watch Big Brother?’ or ‘is it your intention to watch Big Brother?‘ would give us an indication of the strength and nature of the forces creating the attitudes towards Big Brother. A third set of questions relating to the perceived behavioural control could then tell us of how people perceive the viewing of Big Brother and how that affects their attitudes and intentions towards watching the show. According to the theory of planned behaviour, these three attitudinal variables inform the intention from which behaviours can be understood (Ajzen, 1988, 1991). By taking the findings of this questionnaire through the method of the Likert scale, we are providing ourselves with a technique which can register, incorporate and analyse the findings of a limitless amount of subjects and find trends in the different ways that people have formed attitudes towards Big Brother. It is with the Likert model that an attitudinal questionnaire based upon the theory of planned behaviour was constructed to answer the main question put forward by this experiment. An example of the three sets of questions based primarily upon the theory of planned behaviour and developed at this stage are as follows: I like to Watch Big Brother? Strongly Agree / Agree / Indifferent-Unsure-Never Seen It / Disagree / Strongly Disagree. My Friends Think People Should Watch Big Brother? Strongly Agree / Agree / Indifferent-Unsure-Never Seen It / Disagree / Strongly Disagree. It is Morally Acceptable to Watch Big Brother? Strongly Agree / Agree / Indifferent-Unsure-Never Seen It / Disagree / Strongly Disagree. The next stage should be firstly concerned with eliminating ambiguous or leading questions such as those involving the terms ‘hate‘ and ‘love‘ or ‘nice‘ and ’kind of’ etc. This can be done where confusion is noticeable manually or where indicated on the results of pilot studies. This stage should then be concerned with content validity. This can also be done via a pilot test; by using the questionnaire to test a group whose attitudes are well established. For example, you would expect members of a Big Brother fan club or groups that promote Big Brother to score positively on attitudinal questions relating to Big Brother. However, if the results show that they did not score positively then this can be taken as an indication that there is something wrong with the questionnaire. Conversely, if they do score positively then the pilot test can be deemed valid. Alternatively, a professional or expert in matters of attitudinal tests could be consultd for clarity. After these questions have been arranged according to category and the pilot test and/or expert has given sufficient content validity, a sample group should be targeted and asked to participate. On defining that target group, an introduction giving them the required and ethical briefing should be performed, and on their completion a debriefing and contact address should be disclosed. On retrieval of the results, an appropriate measurement should be carried out to establish the descriptive and inferential statistics of the likert test. The procedure for the Likert does not involve mean averages as these merely convolute the sway of the attitudinal range. Rather, median and modes are better equipped to give descriptive data as the significant range is concerned with general trends rather than precise measures. Bibliography Ajzen., I. (1988) Attitudes, Personality and Behaviour, Milton Keynes: Open University Press. Ajzen, I., (1991) The Theory of Planned Behaviour. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes, 50, 1-33. Osgood, C, E., Suci, G, J., Tannenbaum, P, H., (1957) The Measurement of Meaning. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. Thurston, L, L., (1928) Attitudes can be Measured. American Journal of Sociology, 33, 529-544. Likert, R., (1932) A Technique for the Measurement of Attitudes. Archives of Psychology, 140, 1-55.

Marxism Essay -- essays research papers

In this paper, I am going to explore the differences between communism and socialism and how different the thoughts and opinions of these two ways of life are from the current western views on religion and God. To explain about the differences between socialism/communism and western thoughts on religion I will explore the writings of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels. They are founders and writers of a lot of the socialist and communist thoughts on religion and God. In our western society when we discuss God and religion, people for the most part are going to lean one way or another when it comes to their beliefs on religion. If you are from the western part of globe like myself the views and thoughts hinge on the belief of God as a superior being, a perfect one, one who controls everything that happens. The other side of the coin in western culture would be the atheist who does not believe in God at all. There are many other views about God and Religion that differ greatly from the vi ews that are held throughout the western regions of the world. In a lot of the Eastern countries of the world the teaching of the Socialist and Communist parties that rule these areas of the world has influenced the views that have been passed down and taught through out the years. Communism and Socialism do not believe in the theory that there is one perfect God and that you can only receive salvation through him. In the western religions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam, God is the one and only Supreme Being, the Creator of everything. Nothing exists in the world to these religions unless God had created it. God is the omnipotent, omniscient, omnipresent, all good and eternal to salvation. God created the world and all its components for a purpose. God created human beings to know, to love, to honor, to serve and to obey Him. God is to be thought of in masculine terms, even though God is a pure spirit and has no material or bodily parts. Humans will be judged after death as to how well they have fulfilled God's plan for them. Those who have failed, the sinners, will be punished for eternity. Those who have succeeded will be rewarded for eternity. The exact nature of the reward or punishment is hotly disputed, but all seem to agree that those who are rewarded will be in God's presence and those who are punished will not. There are many arguments from people who do not believe... ...gard to the next world. Religion is the opium of the people, that is, it acts as a kind of painkiller. Religion makes bearable the unbearable, such as: poverty, hunger, inequality and repression that happen in the world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Christian religion means salvation to some and to others it is only something that only resides in the thoughts of the people of that society. A Marxist would tell you that true salvation could only be achieved here on earth by working. Salvation is something that all would hope would be in the future for themselves. In this paper we have examined two differing opinions on how salvation can be achieved one was through religion and the other was the socialist way of life. The argument between societies about religion will not be settled here on earth. Who is right and who is wrong in the argument about religion? Is religion just a figment of our imagination, is it something humans made up to make us feel good about the future and our salvation. Or are the Marxists wrong, could religion be everything it is meant to be in the Christian religion. Could religion be the real salvation? These are great questions to ponder and talk about.

P&G Strategy

Executive Summary Competitive analysis of P&G often focuses on hard outcomes like market share, gross margin, and number of patent applications but misses some under-appreciated but nevertheless critical strategies that drive P&G's business. The least understood and most powerful P strategy Is leveraging Its scale. Least understood because It Is hard to measure; most powerful because It touches everything the company does.P& G has four separate identifiable scale leveraging strategies: 1 a retail trade strategy a top down Corporate vs.. Division/brand funding strategy a consumer cohort strategy systemic strategies Scale Is becoming Increasingly important, particularly as retailers globalize and continue to drive out supply chain costs. We bring Industry-leading supply chain management and the Intellectual capital of our people to retail partnerships. We have higher-than-average market shares at our top global retailers.As big customers grow, P's overall market share grows. Leverages Its Scale In Ways That Competitors Don't Fully Appreciate Leveraging scale with the retail trade These are programs that have a high perceived value to the retailer and reinforce P's competitive advantages. Of course, these programs are most aggressively sold to the more enlightened retailers who are gaining share in the marketplace. In fact, gaining share with growing retailers is another major P&G strategy. Everyone recognizes that retailers are becoming more and more powerful, demanding more price concessions from manufacturers while themselves marketing private brands of higher and higher value to consumers. Most manufacturers respond by dumping cash into the retailer's wallet. P responds by leveraging its scale. P is investing tens of millions of dollars in Supply Chain efficiencies to come the low-cost distributor, developing innovative distribution concepts and then â€Å"marketing† their advantages to retailers with sophisticated Activity Based Costing software tools. In addition, high volume from multiple categories permits P account handlers at all levels to offer retail customers benefits such as: Account- specific consumer research Major theme events with genuine substance which make the retailer look good to their consumers (e. G. , the Women's Health Initiative at Wall*Mart) Multi-category consumer studies (e. G. Mothering) Software analytics We see retail consolidation as an opportunity that P&G is uniquely capable of leveraging.

buy custom The Sun Recorded Through History essay

buy custom The Sun Recorded Through History essay The heat energy is supplied to a fluid, which is heated until it vaporizes; the vapor is then compressed at high pressure, and released at high pressure to give motion to a gas turbine that is coupled to a generator. When the turbine is set into motion by pressurized gas or water vapor it rotates the shaft connected to the generator, which in turn rotates the shaft connected to the coil of the generator giving motion to the coil of the generator. A generator is a machine or a device, which converts mechanical energy to electricity. The mechanical energy that is converted to electrical energy can be obtained from nuclear and chemical energy found in various types of fuel, it can also be obtained from sources such as falling water or wind. This mechanical energy can be supplied to the generator using water or wind turbines, electric motors, gas combustion turbines, internal combustion engines and steam engines. The working principle of a generator is based on the electromagnetic induction phenomenon. The generator has a conductor that is placed between two magnets; the movement of the conductor relative to the magnetic field created by the two magnets induces a voltage in the conductor. If there is an external circuit connected to the conductor, the voltage induced in the conductor would create a current in the circuit, and the energy in this circuit can be delivered to a load. To obtain a larger current from the conductor, a large force must be applied to rotate the conductor and keep it in motion. Most modern generators have self excited fields; this means that the current in the field coils comes from the additional exciting winding found in the armature. Before the voltage is fed in the field coils, it is rectified by passing it through a diode bridge, then passes through a regulator. A portion of current that is generated by the generator flows into the field coil generating a magnetic field. However, before the generator is started the magnetic field is generated using the residual magnetism in the cores of the magnets or a current from a battery. Biofuels, which include ethanol or biodiesel, are known as liquid sunlight. Ethanol is produced using plants to convert solar energy into a liquid that is used as a source of energy in transportation system. Plants capture the suns energy through the process of photosynthesis, and then transform the energy to cellulose, sugars and starches (Nelson par 8). Ethanol is later manufactured using various industrial processes by combining water with plant material with an addition of energy; the processes produce ethanol and byproducts, which include polluted water. The resultant product, which is ethanol, is then used in transportation systems. The current processes of producing ethanol from sunlight are regarded as involving and costly. The required raw materials is from biomass, mostly from sugarcane and corn among other energy crops, and this energy crops must be grown extensively for large-scale production; this has a huge economic implication and creates competition for land with the food crops. Technology of converting sunlight into fuel has taken another route in order to solve the problem of competition for land with for food crops, and reduce the cost of production. The latest technology uses bacterium that is genetically modified to convert sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to fuel; this technology is expected to produce more fuel than that produced by ethanol (Nelson par16). When 1litre of ethanol is burnt, it produces 23.5 million joules. Rivers are natural systems that provide falling water or flowing water that sets a generator into motion. The falling or flowing water is because of the water cycle caused by sunlight, when the sunlight heats the earth surface, it causes evaporation of water from the earth surface, this water in the form of vapor rises up the earth surface, and when it reaches the high regions above the earth surface, it condenses, and later falls as rain. The rain water percolates through the soil and rocks, and collects in channels forming rivers. The water in the rivers flows and if a generator is placed in its path, it gives the generator a motion, if the water in the river encounters a steep rock it creates a waterfall, and when a generator is placed below the waterfall, the falling water gives the generator a motion. This energy from falling or flowing water gives motion to the generator, and it is considered ultimately from the sun because without the sun, the water on the earth surface would not evaporate, condense and fall as rain that later collects to form rivers that flow. The ice that forms on top of mountains also melts to form water that flows down the mountain to join the rivers that flows giving motion to the generator; without sunlight, the ice on top of mountains would not melt to water, and there could be no water flowing in rivers to give motion to the generator. The amount of energy that reaches the top atmosphere is 1,360 watts per square meter, and the amount arriving at the earth is 340 watt per every square meter. This is only one quarter of the solar irradiance; it is also the average amount of energy that reaches an individuals roof per square meter. However, the exact amount reaching ones roof in a day depends on the location of the house on the earth surface, the time of the year and time of the day. When one wants to use the 340 watt energy per square meter and the daily consumption of 14,400 watts per day, then a 26 square solar panel is required, which cost almost $16,000, and since sunshine is not consistent an inverter is required, which increases the cost of installation further. Looking at the annual electricity bill, it amounts to $91, it is better to use electricity from the main than pay for all that money for installation. The payback period for such an energy system is long, and considering the low efficiency of solar pow er systems, it is not worthy investing in them; this is why many people shy from using these systems. Solar cells are used in satellites, calculator and solar power production systems; they are also referred to as photovoltaic cells. Photovoltaic cells are constructed using semiconductor materials such as silicon; these cells convert sunlight straight into electricity. When the suns light strikes the solar cell, part of it is absorbed in the semiconductor material, and knocks the electros in the structure making them free to flow. The electric field in the semiconductor material then forces the free electrons to flow in a particular direction, and as the electrons flow they create an electric current. Silicon, a material used to make the solar cell havespecial properties, especially when it is in crystalline form, it has 14 electrons in its three shells, the first and second shells have two and eight electrons respectively. The third hell has only four electrons, this means that this level is half full, therefore, it will always seek for how to fill the remaining space for four electrons. Silicon will be forced to share electrons with the atoms surrounding it, forming a pure crystalline structure; this structure does not readily onduct electricity because it has no free electrons (Martnez 321). Therefore, the structure is mixed with atoms with free electrons such as phosphorus to make it conduct electricity. When the sunlight strikes this structure, it forces the electrons to break free, and each electron leaves a hole behind and looks for another electron to occupy; this causes the electrons to move randomly in the crystalline lattice, and as they move, the carry current. The performance of a PV cell depends on conditions such as the type of PV cells, solar spectral, angle of incidence, solar irradiance and the temperature. Approximately 90% of solar panels used today are made of crystalline silicon; they convert 15-20% of the sunlight to electricity (Martnez 346). There are solar cells that have a thin film of crystalline silicon, this type of solar cells converts 4-10% of sunlight reaching it. The solar cell produces a DC current, which can be used to power DC devices, however, for systems that are designed to power AC machines or appliances, an inverter is included to change the DC current to AC. A refrigerator is a system that transfers heat from a region of low-energy to a region of high-energy reservoir. This system consists of the following components, the cooling coil, evaporator, condenser, compressor, condenser pump, cooling tower, cooling tower fan. The refrigerant absorbs heat from the chiller or freezer chamber, then moves evaporates in the evaporator and sucked by the compressor and discharged outside the refrigerator. The air condition uses the working principle similar to that of a refrigerator, however, the difference is that the air conditioner cools a bigger space when it is compared to the refrigerator; it can cool an entire room, while a refrigerator cools only a chiller or freezer. The air conditioner consists of a compressor, condenser and evaporator; the working fluid goes through the compressor at while it is cool and at a low pressure, it is then compressed and passed to the condenser at a high pressure, then passed to the evaporator where it changes from liquid to vapor, as it cools the room (OECD Nuclear Energy Agency 285). The vapor is then cooled in the condenser and sacked back into the compressor, and the cycle repeats itself. The refrigerator can be used as an air conditioner if it is improvised by placing the evaporator in an open place that needs to be cooled. This is because their mode of operation is the same. The only difference is the size of the area they are cooling. The conversion of heat energy to electricity has been tried using several physical phenomena, however, the direct conversion has not been fully achieved; this is because of the temperature levels between the processes of operation. The Carnot efficiency is an efficiency that operates within the same limits of temperature between the source and the sink. Many systems converting heat energy to electricity have tried operating within the same limit of temperature, but the result is only a small percentage of the ideal efficiency, which is the Carnot efficiency (Chen par 12). This is because of the inefficiencies of the converting system, an example of such systems is a system that converts heat energy to electricity using thermocouple; this system produces electromotive force when one of the dissimilar conductor gains heat while the other remains cold. The conductors of the thermocouple are metals that are inefficient in converting heat to electricity; the metals are good electricity co nductors, and at the same time good thermal conductors, this makes the hot conductor lose the heat it has gained to the cold metal conductor, thus lowering its temperature. Such a system cannot achieve Carnot efficiency because the Carnot cycle assumes that all the heat gained from the source is converted to electricity without loses. The Carnot cycle efficiency is computed using the formula %u1DAF = 1 T2/T1 where T2 is the temperature of the conductor and T1 is the temperature of the source of heat (Chen par 15). This is the best efficiency one can hope for when converting heat energy to electricity. The earth is an engine that is controlled by the heat from the sun, the goes round the sun and because of its spherical shape it receives varying heat from the sun, with the tropics receiving more heat than the poles. This creates an imbalance in the available heat on the earth surface, and to balance the heat, energy is transferred from places with low latitudes to those of high latitude. The imbalance in the earth heat is also brought about by the rotation of the earth around the sun, which creates days and nights; places that experience day and night receive more heat energy from the sun at a given when compared to those experiencing night. The imbalance of heat on the earth which caused by uneven heating of the earth by the sun determines the earths vegetation cover, ice, precipitation and temperature. The difference in temperatures controls the movement of air from one region to another; this movement involves cold and warm air, and depending on the kind of air present in a region, the region is referred to as either warm or cold. The difference in precipitation and vegetation cover is also caused by uneven heat of the earth by the sun, when the earth is heated the water on the earth surface rises in form of vapor and later condenses and falls in form of precipitation, and the precipitation gives vegetation enough water required for its growth. This explains why the tropics receive much rain and have more vegetation cover than the poles. The uneven heating also controls the amount ice in different regions, with regions receiving less heat from the sun having more ice than those receiving more heat. The above described aspects also affect the population of people and animals in various regions around the earth; areas with high precipitation and vegetation are mostly inhabited by people and animals, while those with less vegetation, precipitation or covered with ice are avoided by human being and most animals. All this is controlled by the heat from the sun. Nuclear fission is a process where elements with large nucleus are split into small nuclei, nuclear power plants and industries that manufacturing nuclear weapons use this process. Elements that are used in this process include plutonium-239, Uranium-233 and Uranium-235, when these elements are struck by a neutron moving at a slow speed, they undergo fission. An example of such a reaction process is The result of the fission process is elements of smaller nuclei and a neutron, the neutron can be used to split another Uranium-235. The process goes on and on leading to a chain of reactions, however, the reaction should be controlled, else the chain reactions would lead to an explosion. The moderated reaction can be used in a nuclear reactor as a source of fuel; it is used together with control rods to control the process by absorbing excess neutrons. Elements are identified using the nuclei of the parent atoms, for instance, carbon is an element with 6 protons in its nucleus while Uranium is an elemennt with 92 protons in the nucleus. Uranium is the heaviest element; heavy elements are formed from light elements through the process of fusion. The simplest reaction being hydrogen and hydrogen, and later, the fusion reactions merge to form heavier elements. During the formation of the universe, there were high temperatures and density known as big bang, and only the elements with heavy nucleus were formed, this includes, hydrogen, beryllium, helium and lithium. Heavier elements such as Uranium were created during a nuclear reaction that took place in the stars, as well as during huge stellar explosions referred to as supernovas (MacDonald 256). The sun and other stars, and planets such Earth had other elements apart from hydrogen and helium, and these elements, which included Uranium formed after the explosion of the 1st generation of enormous stars known as supernovas (OECD Nuclear Energy Agency 357). Uranium was first discovered on the planet Uranus, and at first it was named Uranus by Martin Klaproth. It is found in pitchblende ore, which is an ore of zinc and iron, however, it can also be found in coffinite, uranophane, carnotite and uraninite minerals. Uranium is considered as a solar power, this is because its formations originated from the formation of energy emitted by the Sun. The solar power was formed from the fusion of hydrogen atoms to form helium atom, the helium atom later combined with other hydrogen atoms to form heavier atoms. The heavier atoms such as Uranium were formed through the fusion of atoms that were lighter that themselves; this shows that power that comes from Uranium is actually solar power because without the initial reaction to form solar power, then the other reactions that led to the formation of Uranium could not have happened. Many scientists worked hard to discover the source of sunshine, and in 1904, Ernest Rutherford discovered that the sunshine was emanating from the emission of alpha particles by radioactive substances. This discovery implied that nuclear energy was the source of sunshine; however, more research proved that the sun did not have much radioactive material, and instead, the sun contained more hydrogen gas. Scientists also discovered that the amount of energy generated by a star does not vary with temperature, but it depended on the interior temperatures of the star (MacDonald 167). These discoveries helped them come closer to the answer, later Aston discovered something that rested many scientists; he discovered that hydrogen nuclei was heavier than helium nucleus, a concept that was used by Eddington to conclude that the sunshine was because of the conversion of hydrogen atoms to helium. This process was known as fusion, and the energy produced from this process depends on the mass of t he atoms, this relation was derived from Einsteins energy equation; E =mc2. The process of fusion could make the sunshine for approximately 100 billion years. 41H 4He + 2e+ + 2+ energy, This process of energy production utilized by the earth has been a dream of mankind to solve the nagging problem of energy around the world. Scientists and researchers have been working hard to achieve this process that produces abundance of energy, they have the equation that result in the large amount of energy, which is the fusion of 4 atoms of hydrogen to form one atom of helium, two positrons, two electrons and energy. However, they realized that hydrogen atoms are positive particles; this means that they repel each other, and bringing them together is difficult. According to Bahcall, it was realized that stars that were heavier than the sun fused the hydrogen atoms using carbon as a catalyst, however, the energy produced from this reaction was relatively low. Scientists have also thought of the stellar evolution theory, which implies that the sun is heated at very high temperatures causing the nuclear fusion of hydrogen atoms to fuse through the gravitational energy emanating from the contraction of the solar mass from its initial large gas cloud. This has given the scientist and researchers of the required conditions for the hydrogen atoms to fuse, however, there is still a struggle to find out the exact conditions for the fusion to take place, and how the conditions can be made possible for the fusion of hydrogen on earth without causing destruction. All energy used on the earth comes from the solar energy; this can either be direct or indirect. Looking at photovoltaic and solar thermal energy used on the earth, they directly comes from the sun, but utilized in the form of electricity and thermal energy respectively. These two forms of solar energy are harnessed directly from the sun. Another form of energy that comes from the sun but indirectly is wind. The sun heats the earth unevenly, and this causes imbalance of heat on the earth surface; the regions that experience more heat have warm air at the surface of the earth, while those that experience less heat have cool air at the surface of the earth (MacDonald 134). Following this imbalance, the warm air will tend to move from a region of high pressure to a region of low pressure, and the vice versa happens to the cool air. This continuous movement of air on the earth surface is wind, and this wind can drive a wind turbine which is used to produce electricity, run wind pumps or wind mills. Hydropower is also derived from the sun, and in this case, the sun heats the earth surface, and the water on the earth surface vaporizes and rises above the ground. As it moves up the sky, it reaches condensation where it forms clouds that later falls as rain. The rain water percolates through the soil and rocks to form rivers, the water in rivers can be utilized to produce energy using either the flowing water or waterfalls along the river channel. Bio-fuels also come from the sun. The sun is used in the process of photosynthesis to produce sugars that are stored in the plant in the form of starch and forms of sugars. The starch and other forms of sugars are extracted from the plant and used in the production of ethanol as a bio-fuel. Another case of bio-fuel production using sunlight uses bacteria that have been modified to utilize sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to form nuclear bio-fuel. Nuclear energy also emanates from solar energy in the sense that, Uranium, an element that is mostly used in energy production using the process of fission, was formed from the reactions that resulted to solar energy. The fusion of hydrogen atoms to form helium atom resulted in the sunshine, and the fusion of the resultant atoms led to atoms with larger nuclei, and Uranium being the heaviest element, it resulted from the fusion of lighter atoms. Fossil fuels are fuels extracted below the earth surface, and they were formed by the accumulation of dead animals and plants. The dead plants contained sugars that were stored after the process of photosynthesis that was initiated by the sun, and the animals ate plants which derived their food from the process of photosynthesis. Therefore, it is only sensible to say that fossil fuels and other sources of energy originated from solar power. Buy custom The Sun Recorded Through History essay

Comparing a TQM Implementation in Toyota Motor Company and Emirates Airlines

Comparing a TQM Implementation in Toyota Motor Company and Emirates Airlines Introduction Management is the process where activities are coordinated in a business to meet an organization’s goals and objectives. In the changing world with competition, there is need to adopt policies and strategies that facilitate efficiency and effectiveness in all processes. Total quality management is a management tool which aims at ensuring that all processes in a business contribute positively to the overall conduct of the business.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Comparing a TQM Implementation in Toyota Motor Company and Emirates Airlines specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More TQM has both hard and soft parts. Soft parts consider the contribution of employees and the relations that they have with their employer. On the other hand, hard policies are more focused on physical assets which are used for production of goods and services (Paley 19). This paper will compare and contrast TQM policies a dopted by Toyota Motor Company and Emirates Airlines. Brief history of the Two Companies Both Toyota and Emirates Airlines are more or less in the same industry; transport industry. Emirates Airline is an international airline company that is spreading to various countries. Currently, it has over 100 destinations. It is the major airline in Middle East and the national airline for Dubai, Unites Arabs emirates. It is a sub-subsidiary of Dubai Investment Company, through The Emirates Group. The company was incorporated in the year 1985 as an international flight company and made the first flight to Dubai-Karachi on 25 October 1985. It was incorporated with the assistance of the government of Dubais royal family but the intervention of the government was limited. Toyota is a multinational company found in Japan and it is the leading automobile car makers and seller in the world. It was incorporated in 1937; its founder is Kiichiro Toyoda. According to fortune global survey 500 of 2008, it was the fifth largest company in the world. The company is structured in a no extra ordinary way and has departments like any other multinationals in the world; however the achievement of the company has made it different in performance a thing that proves that something extra happens. In 2008, it was able to surpass General motor company as the world largest automobile seller in the world. What has made the company go this far? The answer is in the quality of its management and the interaction of brand as well the loyalty that it derives from its customers. The number of employees in the company stands at 320,590 distributed in different parts of the world (Black 20).Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Hard T.Q.M. Emirate Airlines operate in a fast changing air line industry where there has been an increased competition. One of the most recent is low c ost services. On the other hard, due to globalization, there has been an influx of international airline companies fighting for the same market. In the efforts of ensuring that the company has remained competitive, it has embarked on massive capital investments. By the year 1987, the company had expanded its destinations to reach eleven in total. It is one of the few start ups that recorded a break even at the first year of service. The earlier airline that operated in the area was Gulf airline; the airline was affected by the Gulf war and Emirate airline so enjoyed the benefit of all this. Being in the plane industry, the company has increased its number of planes and the sizes of the planes; those planes that carry passengers have been refurbished and made to look more modern. In the efforts of surviving low cost competition, the company has made large planes which are used to ferry a large portion of people; this helps in enjoying economies of scale and thus the company can opera te as a low cost. The company has embarked on massive research to ensure that it knows the expectations of its customers and align its service to the needs. It is opening up virgin areas with its operations and collaborations with airlines of other nations. Toyota Company has embarked on resource development especially in technology development. The technology has ensured that the company produces goods which are sensitive to the need of modern motor industry. The company produces one of the most efficient automobiles. The vehicles are also comfortable to compete with companies like Mercedes, BMW, and Fords among others. In the various countries, it has embarked on making warehouses and garages which handle their products in a professional manner (Hino 12). Soft TQMs Soft policies consider human resources of a company. It aims at empowering them conduct their business with efficiency and become more productive. Emirates Airlines has been increasing its employee base. It ensures that it trains its employees to make their services better. This is on current trends in business world and the changes that the industry is going through.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Comparing a TQM Implementation in Toyota Motor Company and Emirates Airlines specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the fiscal year that ended on March 2010, the company had employed a total of 36,652 employees all over the continent. The performance of the company has been on a gradual increase; in the year 2009/ 2010, the passengers that used the online were 27.4 million, up from 22.7 million reported in 2008–09, the load cargo in the same period increased by 12.2% to 1,580,000 tons up from 2008–09: 1,408,000 tons. Toyota Company has embarked on international fetching of employees. It employs from all over the world and maintains the team through appropriate appraisal and reward system. Graduates are integrated into the system by a graduate trainee procedure. This is where graduates undergo two year training in Toyota College before they are integrated in the system. When they get into the system, they continue with further on job training and only given targets after the trainers are aware that they can perform effectively. In making decisions, the company engages all staffs. This is where they give their field experiences and recommendations on varying issues (OConnor 44-56). Conclusion Total quality management (TQM) consists of competitive moves and business approaches aimed at producing successful performance; it is management’s â€Å"game plan† for running the business, strengthening a firm’s competitive position, satisfying the customers, the stakeholders, share holders, and the staffs. It seeks to develop the way into which all those that are a party to the business get satisfied. It aims at going a step further and satisfying the customers beyond their expectat ions. There is a lot of focus on the customer; the customer is the greatest asset that an organization can have. To get customers’ loyalty is every business dream and target. Comparing the Toyota and Emirates strategies, it is clear that both of them have adopted a TQM system which is acting to their advantage. They are both enjoying benefits brought about by TQM, which include efficiency in their processes, increased customer satisfaction, competitiveness, and customer satisfaction. Black, Richard. Organizational. Boston: Universal publishers, 2003.Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Hino, Satoshi. Inside the mind of Toyota: management principles for enduring growth. Tokyo: Productivity Press, 2006. OConnor, Patrick. Total Quality Management (Book). Quality Reliability Engineering International [serial online]. April 1989; 5(2):183. Paley, Norton. The managers guide to competitive marketing strategies. London: CRC Press. 1999

US Population Growth and its demands on the enviroment, economy and Research Paper

US Population Growth and its demands on the enviroment, economy and national healthcare - Research Paper Example Background The population growth of the United States is ever increasing by about 3 million people per year (Hinde, 1998). Indeed, the overpopulation issue does not exist in the vacuum. The main reason for overpopulation is not because people do not know the main ideas on birth control processes; however, it is due to the immigration of people from other foreign countries (Alejandro & Rumbaut, 1990). In fact, almost 50 percent of the United States population is due to immigration. Worldwide, the main reaction to carrying capacity setbacks would be to migrate to regions where the carrying capacity does not seem to be pushed beyond the maximum level, or it is perceived to provide opportunities. In most cases, much of the United States’ immigration is fueled by this conception, but the immigrants tend to forget that the United States does not possess endless resources. Such wrong perceptions of immigrants do not only cause injustices to the carrying capacity of the many states in the country, but also many other overpopulation components, including environmental damage, social disruption, and even unemployment (Regoeczi, 2002). Demands on the environment Perhaps, the main devastating demands of overpopulation could be seen in the United States’ environs. ... le that the Americans keep on producing a lot of air pollutants that perhaps one day could become hazardous and even get to other regions in the world. Apart from pollution, there exist reasons for concerns regarding the farmland, wildlife, and forestry. It is because of overpopulation that United States has lost a lot of its wetlands, old-growth forests, and on a routine basis go on loosing many miles of land to developments. While a lot of factors such as forests, pollutants, energy, etc. could be those chosen to demonstrate the limitations of overpopulation on the carrying, reflection of striking example is water. Indeed, many areas within the United States, be it the central, west, and even southwest states, mostly those experiencing the rapid growth in population are inflicted either with shortages of water or contaminated water due to pollution. The demand on resources that lead to damages of forestry has caused many states in the United States face limited rainfall. Other natu rally occurring water sources have also been limited resulting in serious depletion and even pollution of the ground water. Clean water is essential to the people of the United States. Carrying capacity of such limited water areas that extend many states is really a threat to the human life. It is notable that, the outcomes of overpopulation demands on the environment are negative. Resources get depleted that the environment becomes disregarded to a certain point that, many regions in the United States lose most of their capacity to support a dense population. Whenever the carrying capacity becomes exceeded, the damage to the environment is normally very severe that the carrying capacity of population for upcoming generations is highly reduced. The chains of the events regarding

Do you think that theories of authorship are incompatible with the Essay

Do you think that theories of authorship are incompatible with the industrial context of film production - Essay Example The auteur theory is one of the most important theories of authorship. The term, politque des auteurs was coined by Francois Truffaut, who realized that American Directors often worked within strictly circumscribed parameters in reference to the kinds of films and the scripts they could direct, since these were often predetermined and allowed the directors little room to experiment with their own ideas (Keller 1930). The notion of the Director being the true author of a film first emerged through the views of Andrew Sarris on the distinctive nature of a particular director’s work. According to Sarris, Hitchcock was â€Å"great† and Welles was classed as â€Å"brilliant†, based on the view that over the course of preparation of several films, a director may reveal certain recurring characteristics of styles or themes, which are like his or her personal signature or stamp upon the film, identifying it unmistakably as their product (Sarris, 1979:650-665), irrespective of the collective nature of film production. It may be argued that American cinema in earlier decades was circumscribed by the industrial context of production and the concentration of power in the hands of studio top executives. The power wielded by the writers and directors of the film was considerably less than that wielded by studio heads and their creative control over the film much lower. Yet, despite these restrictions, some directors such as Hitchcock were able to achieve a personal style that was uniquely their own. In particular, where some directors such as Orson Welles and Jean Luc Godard are concerned, some recurring themes may occur in all their works, or their work may demonstrate a particular worldview or personal vision that becomes evident through their work. They bear the unmistakable personal imprint of the author, despite the plethora of external market and commodity pressures that may fashion the final products. For example, in the works of Godard, the

Marketing Strrategy of Tourism Destination Coursework

Marketing Strrategy of Tourism Destination - Coursework Example The research is therefore subjective to interpretation, as it does not seek to explain how much money was (or will be) used, but the manner in which funds, policy, and rational marketing plans are being utilised by Beijing to promote economic wealth. The research approach is descriptive and based on the idea of a rational planning paradigm. It asks what Beijing's prior planning policies were, how these have changed, and what the future implications are. The research study utilises several schools of thought regarding marketing strategy to form the final conclusion that Beijing's marketing strategy has responded effectively to several marketing ideals. The results are the assurance of an environmentally conscious marketing plan has strong potential towards a global initiative of Beijing as a 'new' city with the foundation of historical regional culture. The final recommendation is for Beijing to establish their post-Olympic vision; maintain consistence in the application of resources; look for innovative ways to exceed the Olympic expectations. In 2001, after much debate and deliberation, the Beijing bid to host the 2008 Olympics was approved. ... The research study utilises several schools of thought regarding marketing strategy to form the final conclusion that Beijing's marketing strategy has responded effectively to several marketing ideals. The results are the assurance of an environmentally conscious marketing plan has strong potential towards a global initiative of Beijing as a 'new' city with the foundation of historical regional culture. The final recommendation is for Beijing to establish their post-Olympic vision; maintain consistence in the application of resources; look for innovative ways to exceed the Olympic expectations. Chapter 1 Introduction In 2001, after much debate and deliberation, the Beijing bid to host the 2008 Olympics was approved. While this sparked some controversy amongst several nations (United States and Taiwan) and human rights activists, the emergent marketing strategy Beijing utilized to promote its place as a world-leading, global technology, and environmentally sound nation has been nearly unparalleled by any other tourism marketing initiative. The municipal city government has allocated billions of funds, derived from public, corporate and private resources, to develop and implement an international marketing strategy. This strategy includes several dimensions that will likely have a permanent impact on the economic and political stages for Beijing. The following research paper explores these economic and political histories, resources, and strategies that existed prior to, and because of, the 2008 Beijing Olympics. The research first explores the background and history of Beijing, followed by an analysis of the current marketing strategy components. This is followed by a review of the

The work-flow Essay Example for Free

The work-flow Essay In order to reduce the overtime, skipped breaks, late arrivals, and free time indulged in by my employees; I am going to implement several strategies. First, I will construct a work-flow chart to see exactly where the job responsibilities are being delegated. Then, I will redistribute the workload between Jack Snyder, and Ruth Disselkoen, if necessary. Next, since Jack has proven capable of handling his jobs professionally and expediently, I would also like to assign him to train Ruth in his methodology. There are several reasons these solutions will be effective. The work-flow chart will allow me to assess the work quality, efficiency, and effectiveness of Jack and Ruth. The chart will also make them aware of and accountable for their output. The redistribution of the workload will eliminate the skipped breaks and overtime, as well as, giving less time for late arrivals and extended breaks. This will result in a more efficient office while reducing cost to the company. I will continually monitor the situation to ensure the accountability of Jack and Ruth for their output. Having Jack train Ruth will benefit both of them; in that Ruth will learn better time management strategies and Jack will have something to do with his free time. Jack will also develop a stronger sense of worth. In fact, if he proves effective at this task, he could be considered for a promotion if Jessica Hilo does not return to work. Consequently, the resulting pride in a job well done will increase productivity, quality, and efficiency, also insuring the company’s dollars are being economically spent.